(資料圖)

Exadata環境巡檢需要執行專有的exachk，而普通Oracle環境可以通過執行orachk來檢查集群和數據庫相關健康狀況。

1.使用orachk檢查健康狀態

使用root用戶執行，期間可能需要多次輸入另外節點的root密碼，準備好密碼正確輸入即可：

[root@db01rac1 ~]# orachkThis version of AHF is older than 180 days and you should upgrade AHF using ahfctl upgrade. Clusterware stack is running from /u01/app/19.3.0/grid. Is this the correct Clusterware Home?[y/n][y] root@db01rac2"s password: root@db01rac2"s password: Searching for running databases . . . . ..  .  List of running databases registered in OCR1. demorac2. None of aboveSelect databases from list for checking best practices. For multiple databases, select 1 for All or comma separated number like 1,2 etc [1-2][1]. .  .  .  .  .  .  Either Cluster Verification Utility pack (cvupack) does not exist at /opt/oracle.ahf/common/cvu or it is an old or invalid cvupackChecking Cluster Verification Utility (CVU) version at CRS Home - /u01/app/19.3.0/gridThis version of Cluster Verification Utility (CVU) was released on 10-Jul-2022 and it is older than 180 days. It is highly recommended that you download the latest version of CVU from MOS patch 30839369 to ensure the highest level of accuracy of the data contained within the reportDo you want to download latest version of Cluster Verification Utility (CVU) from my oracle support? [y/n] [y] nRunning older version of Cluster Verification Utility (CVU) from CRS Home - /u01/app/19.3.0/gridStarting to run orachk in background on db01rac2 using socketroot@db01rac2"s password: root@db01rac2"s password: This version of AHF is older than 180 days and you should upgrade AHF using ahfctl upgrade. .  .  .  .  ..  .  Checking Status of Oracle Software Stack - Clusterware, ASM, RDBMS on db01rac1.  .  . . . .  .  .  . . . .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------                                                 Oracle Stack Status                          -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  Host Name       CRS Installed  RDBMS Installed    CRS UP    ASM UP  RDBMS UP    DB Instance Name-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------   db01rac1                   Yes          Yes          Yes      Yes      Yes               jydb1-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------. .  .  .  .  .  .  . . . .  . *** Checking Best Practice Recommendations ( Pass / Warning / Fail ) ***.  Collections and audit checks log file is /u01/app/grid/oracle.ahf/data/db01rac1/orachk/user_root/output/orachk_db01rac1_demorac_040623_234130/log/orachk.log============================================================               Node name - db01rac1============================================================. . . . . .  Collecting - ASM Disk Groups Collecting - ASM Disk I/O stats Collecting - ASM Diskgroup Attributes Collecting - ASM disk partnership imbalance Collecting - ASM diskgroup attributes Collecting - ASM diskgroup usable free space Collecting - ASM initialization parameters Collecting - Database Parameters for demorac database Collecting - Files not opened by ASM Collecting - List of active logon and logoff triggers for demorac database Collecting - Percentage of asm disk  Imbalance Collecting - Testing Collecting - /proc/cmdline Collecting - /proc/modules Collecting - CPU Information Collecting - CRS active version Collecting - CRS oifcfg Collecting - CRS software version Collecting - CSS Reboot time Collecting - Cluster interconnect (clusterware) Collecting - Clusterware OCR healthcheck Collecting - Clusterware Resource Status Collecting - Disk I/O Scheduler on Linux Collecting - DiskFree Information Collecting - DiskMount Information Collecting - Huge pages configuration Collecting - Interconnect network card speed Collecting - Kernel parameters Collecting - Linux module config. Collecting - Maximum number of semaphore sets on system Collecting - Maximum number of semaphores on system Collecting - Maximum number of semaphores per semaphore set Collecting - Memory Information Collecting - NUMA Configuration Collecting - Network Interface Configuration Collecting - Network Performance Collecting - Network Service Switch Collecting - OS Packages Collecting - OS version Collecting - Operating system release information and kernel version Collecting - Oracle executable attributes Collecting - Patches for Grid Infrastructure Collecting - Patches for RDBMS Home Collecting - RDBMS and GRID software owner UID across cluster Collecting - Shared memory segments Collecting - Table of file system defaults Collecting - Voting disks (clusterware) Collecting - number of semaphore operations per semop system call Collecting - CHMAnalyzer to report potential Operating system resources usage Collecting - CRS Opatch version Collecting - CRS user time zone check Collecting - Custom rc init scripts (rc.local) Collecting - Disk Information Collecting - Grid Infastructure user shell limits configuration Collecting - Interconnect interface config Collecting - Network interface stats Collecting - Root user limits Collecting - Verify ORAchk scheduler configuration Collecting - Verify TCP Selective Acknowledgement is enabled Collecting - Verify no database server kernel out of memory errors Collecting - Verify the vm.min_free_kbytes configuration Collecting - root time zone check Collecting - slabinfo Collecting - umask setting for GI ownerData collections completed. Checking best practices on db01rac1.------------------------------------------------------------ INFO =>     Important Automatic Storage Management (ASM) Notes and Technical White Papers INFO =>     Oracle Data Pump Best practices. WARNING =>  Linux swap configuration does not meet recommendation INFO =>     Most recent ADR incidents for /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db_1 INFO =>     Oracle GoldenGate failure prevention best practices WARNING =>  OCR and OCR backup locations are the same path FAIL =>     The vm.min_free_kbytes configuration is not set as recommended CRITICAL => The RMAN snapshot control file location is not shared on all database nodes in the cluster for demorac INFO =>     $CRS_HOME/log/hostname/client directory has too many older log files. CRITICAL => ORAchk scheduler is not configured correctly WARNING =>  Package compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61-x86_64 is recommended but not installed INFO =>     Important Storage Minimum Requirements for Grid & Database Homes CRITICAL => Operating system hugepages count does not satisfy total SGA requirements WARNING =>  NIC bonding is not configured for interconnect WARNING =>  NIC bonding is NOT configured for public network (VIP) WARNING =>  RAC interconnect network card speed does not meet recommendation INFO =>     Cluster health analyzer (CHA)  is not configured as recommended FAIL =>     system service rngd is not running WARNING =>  OSWatcher is not running as is recommended. INFO =>     Jumbo frames (MTU >= 9000) are not configured for interconnect WARNING =>  NTP is not running with correct setting WARNING =>  All disk groups should have compatible.rdbms attribute set to recommended values WARNING =>  All disk groups should have compatible.advm attribute set to recommended values FAIL =>     Database parameter DB_LOST_WRITE_PROTECT is not set to recommended value on jydb1 instance FAIL =>     Database parameter DB_BLOCK_CHECKING on STANDBY is NOT set to the recommended value. for demorac FAIL =>     Flashback on STANDBY is not configured for demorac INFO =>     Operational Best Practices INFO =>     Database Consolidation Best Practices INFO =>     Computer failure prevention best practices INFO =>     Data corruption prevention best practices INFO =>     Logical corruption prevention best practices INFO =>     Database/Cluster/Site failure prevention best practices INFO =>     Client failover operational best practices WARNING =>  fast_start_mttr_target should be greater than or equal to 300 on jydb1 instance FAIL =>     Standby redo logs should be configured on the standby for demorac WARNING =>  Oracle patch 26749785 is not applied on RDBMS_HOME /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db_1 WARNING =>  Oracle patch 29259068 is not applied on RDBMS_HOME /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db_1 INFO =>     Information about hanganalyze and systemstate dump FAIL =>     Database control files are not configured as recommended for demorac WARNING =>  Oracle patch 28907129 is not applied on RDBMS_HOME /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db_1 INFO =>     While initialization parameter LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG is set it should be verified for your environment on Standby Database for demorac WARNING =>  Redo log files should be appropriately sized for demorac INFO =>     Database failure prevention best practices WARNING =>  Perl Patch 33912872 is not found in 19c RDBMS_HOME. /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db_1 WARNING =>  Perl Patch 33912872 is not found in 19c CRS_HOME. /u01/app/19.3.0/grid WARNING =>  Oracle patch 32043701 is not applied on RDBMS_HOME /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db_1 WARNING =>  Oracle patch 31211220 is not applied on RDBMS_HOME /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db_1 WARNING =>  TFA Collector is either not installed or not running CRITICAL => Linux transparent huge pages are enabled FAIL =>     Listener(s) running under GI Home are not healthy FAIL =>     FRA space management problem file types are present without an RMAN backup completion within the last 7 days for demorac INFO =>     Oracle recovery manager(rman) best practices INFO =>     Database feature usage statistics for demorac WARNING =>  Linux Disk I/O Scheduler should be configured to Deadline------------------------------------------------------------                      CLUSTERWIDE CHECKS------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Detailed report (html) -  /u01/app/grid/oracle.ahf/data/db01rac1/orachk/user_root/output/orachk_db01rac1_demorac_040623_234130/orachk_db01rac1_demorac_040623_234130.htmlroot@db01rac2"s password: root@db01rac2"s password: UPLOAD [if required] - /u01/app/grid/oracle.ahf/data/db01rac1/orachk/user_root/output/orachk_db01rac1_demorac_040623_234130.zip

2.拷貝結果文件

orachk執行完成之后，會在最后提示你，具體生成了哪些相關文件，供你進一步分析。

可以看到，生成的完整壓縮包有100多M，如果用戶環境傳輸大文件困難，其實也可以只拷貝html報告結果（這里有30M，壓縮完只有7M不到）：

[root@db01rac1 ~]# ls -lrth /u01/app/grid/oracle.ahf/data/db01rac1/orachk/user_root/output/orachk_db01rac1_demorac_040623_234130.zip-r--r----- 1 root root 111M Apr  6 23:53 /u01/app/grid/oracle.ahf/data/db01rac1/orachk/user_root/output/orachk_db01rac1_demorac_040623_234130.zip[root@db01rac1 ~]# ls -lrth /u01/app/grid/oracle.ahf/data/db01rac1/orachk/user_root/output/orachk_db01rac1_demorac_040623_234130/orachk_db01rac1_demorac_040623_234130.html-rw-r----- 1 root dba 30M Apr  6 23:53 /u01/app/grid/oracle.ahf/data/db01rac1/orachk/user_root/output/orachk_db01rac1_demorac_040623_234130/orachk_db01rac1_demorac_040623_234130.html[root@db01rac1 ~]# [root@db01rac1 ~]# cp /u01/app/grid/oracle.ahf/data/db01rac1/orachk/user_root/output/orachk_db01rac1_demorac_040623_234130/orachk_db01rac1_demorac_040623_234130.html /tmp/[root@db01rac1 ~]# cd /tmp[root@db01rac1 tmp]# ls -lrth orachk_db01rac1_demorac_040623_234130.html-rw-r-----  1 root   root     30M Apr  7 00:07 orachk_db01rac1_demorac_040623_234130.html[root@db01rac1 tmp]# tar zcvf orachk_db01rac1_demorac_040623_234130.tar.gz orachk_db01rac1_demorac_040623_234130.html orachk_db01rac1_demorac_040623_234130.html[root@db01rac1 tmp]# ls -lrth orachk_db01rac1_demorac_040623_234130*-rw-r----- 1 root root  30M Apr  7 00:07 orachk_db01rac1_demorac_040623_234130.html-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 6.5M Apr  7 00:08 orachk_db01rac1_demorac_040623_234130.tar.gz[root@db01rac1 tmp]# cp orachk_db01rac1_demorac_040623_234130.tar.gz /public/

3.分析生成的html報告

報告類似如下，實際報告內容很多，html展示也很清晰，這里只截取部分文字內容示例：

Oracle RAC Assessment ReportSystem Health Score is 88 out of 100 (detail)OS CheckLinux transparent huge pages are enabledAll Database ServersOS CheckOperating system hugepages count does not satisfy total SGA requirementsAll Database ServersDatabase CheckThe RMAN snapshot control file location is not shared on all database nodes in the clusterAll Databases View...

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